† 1:5 The word translated “overcome” (κατέλαβεν) can also be translated “comprehended.” It refers to getting a grip on an enemy to defeat him.
‡ 1:14 The phrase “only born” is from the Greek word “μονογενους”, which is sometimes translated “only begotten” or “one and only”.
§ 1:17 “Messiah” means “Anointed One”.
† 1:18 The phrase “only born” is from the Greek word “μονογενη”, which is sometimes translated “only begotten” or “one and only”.
‡ 1:18 NU reads “God”
* 1:23 Isaiah 40:3
§ 1:29 “Behold”, from “ἰδοὺ”, means look at, take notice, observe, see, or gaze at. It is often used as an interjection.
† 1:39 4:00 p.m.
‡ 1:41 “Messiah” (Hebrew) and “Christ” (Greek) both mean “Anointed One”.
§ 1:42 “Kefa” (Aramaic) and “Peter” (Greek) both mean “Rock”.
† 2:6 2 to 3 metretes is about 20 to 30 U. S. Gallons, or 75 to 115 liters.
* 2:17 Psalms 69:9
† 3:3 The word translated “anew” here and in Yochanan 3:7 (ἄνωθεν) also means “again” and “from above”.
‡ 3:8 The same Greek word (πνεῦμα) means wind, breath, and spirit.
§ 3:16 The phrase “only born” is from the Greek word “μονογενη”, which is sometimes translated “only begotten” or “one and only”.
† 3:36 The same word can be translated “disobeys” or “disbelieves” in this context.
† 4:6 noon
‡ 4:25 “Messiah” (Hebrew) and “Christ” (Greek) both mean “Anointed One”.
§ 4:52 1:00 p.m.
† 5:4 NU omits from “waiting” in verse 3 to the end of verse 4.
† 6:7 A denarius was a silver coin worth about a day’s wages for an agricultural laborer, so 200 denarii would be between 6 and 7 month’s pay.
‡ 6:19 25 to 30 stadia is about 5 to 6 kilometers or about 3 to 4 miles
* 6:19 See Job 9:8
§ 6:20 or, I AM
† 6:31 Greek and Hebrew use the same word for “heaven”, “the heavens”, “the sky”, and “the air”.
* 6:31 Exodus 16:4; Nehemiah 9:15; Psalms 78:24-25
* 6:45 Isaiah 54:13
† 7:37 Known today as Hoshana Rabbah.
‡ 7:42 or, seed
* 7:42 2 Samuel 7:12
* 7:42 Micah 5:2
* 7:52 See Isaiah 9:1; Matthew 4:13-16
* 8:5 Leviticus 20:10; Deuteronomy 22:22
† 8:11 NU includes Yochanan 7:53–Yochanan 8:11, but puts brackets around it to indicate that the textual critics had less confidence that this was original.
* 8:12 Isaiah 60:1
* 8:17 Deuteronomy 17:6; 19:15
‡ 8:24 or, I AM
* 8:32 Psalms 119:45
* 8:58 Exodus 3:14
* 9:31 Psalms 66:18; Proverbs 15:29; 28:9
* 10:11 Isaiah 40:11; Ezekiel 34:11-12,15,22
* 10:16 Isaiah 56:8
* 10:17 Isaiah 53:7-8
* 10:21 Exodus 4:11
† 10:22 The “Feast of the Dedication” is the Greek name for “Hanukkah”, a celebration of the rededication of the Temple.
* 10:34 Psalms 82:6
† 11:16 “Didymus” means “Twin”.
‡ 11:18 15 stadia is about 2.8 kilometers or 1.7 miles
§ 11:41 NU omits “from the place where the dead man was lying.”
† 12:3 a Roman pound of 12 ounces, or about 340 grams
‡ 12:5 300 denarii was about a year’s wages for an agricultural laborer.
§ 12:13 “Hoshia’na” means “save us” or “help us, we pray”.
* 12:13 Psalms 118:25-26
* 12:15 Zechariah 9:9
* 12:34 Isaiah 9:7; Daniel 2:44; See Isaiah 53:8
* 12:38 Isaiah 53:1
* 12:40 Isaiah 6:10
* 12:41 Isaiah 6:1
* 13:18 Psalms 41:9
† 14:16 Greek παρακλητον: Counselor, Helper, Intercessor, Advocate, and Comforter.
* 15:20 Yochanan 13:16
* 15:25 Psalms 35:19; 69:4
† 15:26 Greek Parakletos: Counselor, Helper, Advocate, Intercessor, and Comforter.
† 16:3 TR adds “to you”
‡ 16:15 TR reads “will take” instead of “takes”
* 17:17 Psalms 119:142
* 18:9 Yochanan 6:39
† 19:14 “the sixth hour” would have been 6:00 a.m. according to the Roman timekeeping system, or noon for the Jewish timekeeping system in use, then.
* 19:24 Psalms 22:18
‡ 19:28 NU, TR read “knowing” instead of “seeing”
* 19:36 Exodus 12:46; Numbers 9:12; Psalms 34:20
* 19:37 Zechariah 12:10
§ 19:39 100 Roman pounds of 12 ounces each, or about 72 pounds, or 33 Kilograms.
† 20:16 Rabboni is a transliteration of the Hebrew word for “great teacher.”
‡ 20:16 or, Master
§ 20:24 or, Twin
† 20:29 TR adds “Thomas,”
† 21:2 or, Twin
‡ 21:8 200 cubits is about 100 yards or about 91 meters
§ 21:23 The word for “brothers” here may be also correctly translated “brothers and sisters” or “siblings.”
Acts
The Acts of the Emissaries
1
1 The first book I wrote, Theophilus, concerned all that Yeshua began both to do and to teach, 2 until the day in which he was received up, after he had given commandment through the Holy Spirit to the emissaries whom he had chosen. 3 To these he also showed himself alive after he suffered, by many proofs, appearing to them over a period of forty days and speaking about God’s Kingdom. 4 Being assembled together with them, he commanded them, “Don’t depart from Jerusalem, but wait for the promise of the Father, which you heard from me. 5 For Yochanan indeed immersed in water, but you will be immersed in the Holy Spirit not many days from now.”
6 Therefore, when they had come together, they asked him, “Lord, are you now restoring the kingdom to Israel?”
7 He said to them, “It isn’t for you to know times or seasons which the Father has set within his own authority. 8 But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you. You will be witnesses to me in Jerusalem, in all Judea and Samaria, and to the uttermost parts of the earth.”
9 When he had said these things, as they were looking, he was taken up, and a cloud received him out of their sight. 10 While they were looking steadfastly into the sky as he went, behold,† two men stood by them in white clothing, 11 who also said, “You men of Galilee, why do you stand looking into the sky? This Yeshua, who was received up from you into the sky, will come back in the same way as you saw him going into the sky.”
12 Then they returned to Jerusalem from the mountain called Olivet, which is near Jerusalem, a Sabbath day’s journey away. 13 When they had come in, they went up into the upper room where they were staying, that is Peter, Yochanan, Jacob, Andrew, Philip, Thomas, Bartholomew, Matthew, Jacob the son of Halfai, Simon the Zealot, and Judah the son of Jacob. 14 All these with one accord continued steadfastly in prayer and supplication, along with the women and Miriam the mother of Yeshua, and with his brothers.
15 In these days, Peter stood up in the middle of the disciples (and the number of names was about one hundred twenty), and said, 16 “Brothers, it was necessary that this Scripture should be fulfilled, which the Holy Spirit spoke before by the mouth of David concerning Judah, who was guide to those who took Yeshua. 17 For he was counted with us, and received his portion in this ministry. 18 Now this man obtained a field with the reward for his wickedness; and falling headlong, his body burst open and all his intestines gushed out. 19 It became known to everyone who lived in Jerusalem that in their language that field was called ‘Hakel-Dema,’ that is, ‘The field of blood.’ 20 For it is written in the scroll of Psalms,
‘Let his habitation be made desolate.
Let no one dwell in it;’*
and,
‘Let another take his office.’*
21 “Of the men therefore who have accompanied us all the time that the Lord Yeshua went in and out among us, 22 beginning from the immersion of Yochanan to the day that he was received up from us, of these one must become a witness with us of his resurrection.”
23 They put forward two: Joseph called Barsabbas, who was also called Justus, and Matthiah. 24 They prayed and said, “You, Lord, who know the hearts of all men, show which one of these two you have chosen 25 to take part in this ministry and office of emissary from which Judah fell away, that he might go to his own place.” 26 They drew lots for them, and the lot fell on Matthiah; and he was counted with the Eleven emissaries.
2
1 Now when the day of Shavu`ot had come, they were all with one accord in one place. 2 Suddenly there came from the sky a sound like the rushing of a mighty wind, and it filled all the house where they were sitting. 3 Tongues like fire appeared and were distributed to them, and one sat on each of them. 4 They were all filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak with other languages, as the Spirit gave them the ability to speak.
5 Now there were dwelling in Jerusalem Jews, devout men, from every nation under the sky. 6 When this sound was heard, the multitude came together and were bewildered, because everyone heard them speaking in his own language. 7 They were all amazed and marveled, saying to one another, “Behold, aren’t all these who speak Galileans? 8 How do we hear, everyone in our own native language? 9 Parthians, Medes, Elamites, and people from Mesopotamia, Judea, Cappadocia, Pontus, Asia, 10 Phrygia, Pamphylia, Egypt, the parts of Libya around Cyrene, visitors from Rome, both Jews and proselytes, 11 Cretans and Arabians—we hear them speaking in our languages the mighty works of God!” 12 They were all amazed and were perplexed, saying to one another, “What does this mean?” 13 Others, mocking, said, “They are filled with new wine.”
14 But Peter, standing up with the Eleven, lifted up his voice and spoke out to them, “You men of Judea and all you who dwell at Jerusalem,
