passion, & ignorance, 18.7–8, 18.21–22, 18.24–25, 18.27–28, 18.31–32, 18.34–35, 18.38–39
See also: Modes of nature
rebellious to Lord, 13.20
religion of. See: Religion(s), material
sacrifices for, 3.11–12, 4.25
selfishness of, 1.30
spiritual life doesn’t interest, 3.29, 4.10
surrender avoided by, 7.15
transmigration continued by, 8.24
work of, qualities of, 18.27–28
worship demigods for results, 4.12
See also: Demon(s); Fruitive worker(s)
Material life, 2.51, 3.16, 3.16, 3.29, 4.31, 5.12, 8.18–19, 9.30, 13.8 (9), 18.73
attachment cause of, 13.21–22
attachment to, 3.29
by demons, 16.11
See also: Attachment
beginning of, 7.14
cessation of, as yoga’s goal, 6.15
comfortable via sacrifice, 3.10–12
compared
with actual life, 2.72
to disease, 4.24
to job, 12.9
with spiritual life, 2.72, 6.40, 9.1, 9.20–21
contamination by, devotional service clears, 10.11
duration of, increase of, 4.29
education about, modern society gives only, 9.2 (2)
facilities for
compared to rains, 4.14
Lord provides, 4.14
falldown to
from devotional service, 9.3
freedom from, via yoga, 6.20, 6.25
with family. See: Family (Family life)
frustration with, 3.37
happiness in. See: Happiness
ignorance in. See: Ignorance
illusion in. See: Illusion
liberation from. See: Liberation
miseries of, 7.15 (6), 7.29, 13.8 (9)
on Brahmaloka also, 8.17
freedom from, via transcending modes, 14.20
named, 13.8
perception of evil of, 13.8
See also: Suffering
necessities for
controlled by Lord, 3.28
demigods provide, 3.11–12, 3.14, 3.16
via demigod worship, 3.11–12, 3.16
Lord provides, 2.70, 3.12, 3.14–15, 3.16, 9.29, 12.20, 18.66
minimizing, 6.20
regulations concerning, 3.34
via sacrifice, 3.10–14, 4.31
sex life as one of, 3.34
present-day. See: Present age
sacrifice for sake of, 17.12–13
stages of attachment to, three, 4.10
as struggle, 15.7, 15.7, 15.8
for existence in, compared to swimming in ocean, 4.36
suffering in. See: Material life, miseries of; Suffering
in Western countries. See: Western world
See also: Fruitive activity; Materialism
Material nature, Introduction, Introduction, Introduction, Introduction, 3.15, 3.24, 3.33, 3.36, 3.37, 4.25, 8.4, 9.13, 13.20, 13.27
Bhagavad-gītā explains, Introduction
birth into. See: Birth
body controlled by, 5.14
as cause
of action, 5.14
of all material causes & effects, 13.21
immediate, 4.14
subordinate, 9.8, 9.10
compared
to laws of kingdom, 7.12
to rice, 14.3
components of, 13.6
See also: Element(s), material; Energy (energies), material
as controlled, Introduction
by Kṛṣṇa, 3.27
as controller
according to body, 13.21
of living entity, 13.22
creation &, 7.14
as dependent on Lord, Introduction
as divine though inferior energy, 7.14
elements composing, 7.4–5, 13.6
See also: Element(s), material
as eternal, Introduction, Introduction
& beginningless, 13.20
evolution of. See: Evolution
as Gītā’s subject, Introduction, Introduction
impregnation of
with living entities, 3.15, 9.10
by Lord, 2.39 (1), 14.3, 14.27
Kṛṣṇa transcendental to, 4.4
laws of
control of, 13.21
death according to, 16.11
liberation from. See: Liberation
living entities
&, combination of, 13.27
controlled by, 7.13–14, 13.22
Lord controls, 7.14
as Lord’s energy, Introduction, Introduction, 7.14, 9.9–10
manifest & unmanifest, 13.20
spiritual nature transcendental to, 8.20–21
manifestations of
compared to clouds, Introduction
compared to seasons, Introduction
modes of. See: Modes of nature
origin of, 7.6
See also: Creation
as prakṛti, Introduction, 2.39 (1), 7.4, 13.1, 13.3
purpose of, 3.37, 13.20
qualities of, three, Introduction
spiritual nature transcendental to, 8.20–21
suffering caused by, 2.7, 2.8
See also: Suffering
superior & inferior, Introduction
as temporary, Introduction
See also: Energy (energies), material; Material world; Modes of nature
Material world, Introduction, 2.28, 3.39, 4.12, 4.22, 4.22, 9.8, 9.11 (2), 9.21, 9.33, 11.33, 11.55 (2), 13.18, 13.20, 15.1 (2), 15.3, 15.13, 16.9,
activities in
sex center of, 3.39
spiritualized via Kṛṣṇa consciousness, 4.24
analytical study of, 5.4–5
See also: Sāṅkhya
annihilation of. See: Annihilation of universe(s)
bondage to, freedom from. See: Liberation
cause of
research of, 15.3
subordinate, material nature as, 9.8, 9.10
compared
to banyan tree, 15.1–4, 16.1 (1)
to desert, Introduction
to fire in forest, 4.36
to flower, 9.10
to ocean, 4.36, 12.6
to reflection, Introduction
with spiritual world, Introduction, Introduction, Introduction, Introduction, 9.33, 13.18, 13.21, 15.1, 15.6, 15.16
to tree with roots upward, Introduction, 15.1–4
to water in calf’s footprint, 2.51
controlled by Kṛṣṇa, 9.8–10
creation of. See: Creation
demoniac view of, 16.8
destruction of
demons headed toward, 16.9
See also: Annihilation of universe(s)
for devotee, as good as Vaikuṇṭha, 18.54
elements of, Introduction
See also: Element(s), material
entanglement in, 15.1, 15.3
lust cause of, 3.37
falldown to, 9.25, 13.24
See also: Falldown
happiness
impossible in, 2.51
See also: Happiness
illusion in. See: Illusion
Kṛṣṇa
all-pervading in, 8.22
as controller of, 16.8
origin of, 10.8
plan of, for, 11.33
sustainer of, 9.18
transcendental to, 4.14, 9.11 (4–5), 11.37–38
leaving. See: Godhead, returning to; Liberation
liberation from. See: Liberation
manifestation into, of living entities, 8.18–19
as miserable, 8.15, 9.33, 11.43
See also: Suffering
modes of nature &, 5.10
origin of
Kṛṣṇa as, 10.8, 15.3
spiritual world as, 15.1
as perverted reflection of spiritual world, 15.1
pradhāna &, 5.10
qualities of, Introduction
returning to. See: Birth-death cycle; Transmigration of soul(s)
size of, Introduction
spiritual world
compared with, Introduction, Introduction, Introduction, Introduction, 9.33, 13.18, 13.21, 15.1 (2), 15.6, 15.16
covered, as, 4.24
reflection of, 15.1 (2), 15.3
transcendental to, 8.20
struggle for existence in, 15.16
suffering in. See: Suffering
sustainer of, Kṛṣṇa as, 9.18
but not false, 9.33
See also: Material nature; Planet(s); Universe(s)
Mathurā, 6.11
Matter
compared with spirit, 2.16–30
as covered spirit, 4.24
& spirit, as same for Kṛṣṇa, 9.19
See also: Energy (energies), inferior; Energy (energies), material; Material world
Māyā
compared to cloud, 7.26
controls conditioned souls, 3.5
defined, 4.6, 4.35, 6.20, 10.39
forgetfulness via, 2.23, 7.15 (7)
freedom from, attainment of, 3.33, 7.5
See also: Liberation
Kṛṣṇa’s form not, 7.24 (4), 7.26
last snare of, 2.39 (1), 18.73
liberation from
means for, 2.14
See also: Liberation
living entities’ vision covered by, 7.26
living entity serves, 18.73
Lord controls, 7.14
miseries from, 16.24
souls prone to be covered by, 2.23
of thinking oneself God, 18.73
transcendentalist tempted by, 6.37
See also: Ignorance; Illusion; Material nature; Yoga-māyā
Māyā-devī & Haridāsa Ṭhākura, 2.62
Māyāvāda philosophy. See: Impersonalism
Māyāvādī(s). See: Impersonalist(s)
Māyayāpahṛta-jñānāḥ, 7.15 (11–13)
Meat-eating
attachment to, Introduction, 3.12, 16.1 (13), 16.10
forbidden & unnecessary, 6.16, 9.26, 16.1 (13)
as general human tendency, 4.26
as sinful & forbidden, 6.16, 14.16
See also: Animal slaughter
Medicine, 9.16
Meditation, 6.19, 6.25–26
on Brahman, 12.1
on cakras, six, 8.10
via chanting Hare Kṛṣṇa, 8.8
See also: Chanting in Kṛṣṇa consciousness
false, 3.6
on form of Lord, 9.22, 18.65
God (Supersoul)-realization via, 13.25
impersonal, as difficult, 12.1, 12.5
as interim process, 12.12
on Kṛṣṇa, Introduction, Introduction, 6.10, 7.28
in envy, 9.34
Kṛṣṇa reached via, 8.8
Kṛṣṇa recommends, 18.65
on Lord in heart, 6.13
on Lord’s opulences, 10.17
with motive for liberation, 7.29
object of, 7.2
in present age, 9.27
pretense of, 3.6
on spiritual energy, Introduction
steadiness in, 6.19
on Supersoul, 6.31, 8.12
on Vedic literatures, Introduction
Viṣṇu object of, 2.61
yogic process of, 5.27
Memory
defined, 10.34
Kṛṣṇa represented by, 10.34
purified, 3.11
Menakā, Viśvāmitra &, 2.60
Mental discipline. See: Mind, discipline of
Merchant(s)
occupational duty of, 18.47, 18.48
See also: Vaiśya(s)
Mercy
of Kṛṣṇa. See: Kṛṣṇa, mercy of
of pure devotee, 18.71
of Vyāsadeva, 18.74–75
Meru, Mount
compared with Himālayas, 10.25
importance of, 10.23
Kṛṣṇa represented by, 10.23
Mīmāṁsā-sūtras, 11.48
Mind, Introduction, 2.44, 2.53, 2.60, 3.40, 3.42, 3.42, 6.18, 6.27, 6.36, 8.5–6, 13.29, 15.7, 17.16, 17.16, 18.18
as active always, 3.42
austerity of, 17.16
characteristics of, 6.34
compared
to driving instrument, 6.34
to infection, 6.34
to mirror, 3.38
to swan, 8.2
to wind, 6.34
desires concocted by, 2.55
discipline of, 2.60, 6.25–26
advantages of, 6.5–6
for brahmacārī, 4.26
via chanting Hare Kṛṣṇa, 6.34
defined, 10.4 (4)
via detachment, 6.35
determination for, 6.35–36
by devotee, 5.7
via devotional service, 2.66–67, 6.36
difficulty of, 6.33–35
equanimity via, 6.7–8
via hearing Vedic literature, 17.16
intelligence for, 6.34
Kṛṣṇa origin of, 10.4
liberation via, 5.27, 6.5
marriage meant to help, 18.5
meaning of, 10.4 (4), 17.16
methods for, 6.35–36, 17.16
necessity of, 6.5, 6.26, 6.34, 6.36
Mind
pleases everyone, 5.7
possibility of, 6.35–36
for self-realization, 18.51
symptoms of, 6.7–8
in yoga, 6.18–27
yoga meant for, 6.5, 6.6
See also: Detachment
disturbance of, by material attachment, 1.28–45
engaged in Kṛṣṇa, 6.34
fixed on Kṛṣṇa, 8.5–10
Kṛṣṇa recommends, 12.8
as friend or enemy, 6.5–6
impure, 3.6
intelligence superior to, 3.42
Kṛṣṇa
controls, 1.24
represented by, 10.22
Kṛṣṇa’s, 9.34
lust &, 3.40
nature of, 6.26
purification of, 6.20
rests in Kṛṣṇa vibration, Introduction
satisfaction of
via Kṛṣṇa consciousness only, 2.65–66
means for, 17.16
satisfied in self, 2.54
senses &, 2.67
steadiness of, 5.19, 5.20, 6.25–26
via Kṛṣṇa consciousness, 3.43
strengthened through surrender, 3.42
struggle with, 15.7, 15.7
superior engagement for, 2.59, 3.42
See also: Body (bodies), material, subtle; Meditation
Miscreants, 9.31
classes of, 7.15
See also: Demon(s)
Miseries of life
four named, Introduction, 2.8, 2.51, 7.29, 8.15, 8.17, 13.8
freedom from, 2.56, 2.65, 7.29, 14.20
See also: Suffering
Missionary work. See: Preaching Kṛṣṇa consciousness
Mithilā, 3.20
Modes of nature, Introduction, 2.45, 3.12, 5.10, 7.12, 7.13–14, 13.6, 13.22, 14.22, 15.2, 15.7, 17.2, 17.3, 18.60
action according to, 14.16, 15.7, 18.23–25
all controlled by, 3.33
Arjuna urged to transcend, 131–132
austerity according to each, 17.7, 17.14–19, 17.23
body according to, 7.13, 13.5
body controlled via, 5.14
as cause, material, 7.12
charity according to each, 8.28, 16.1 (7), 17.7, 17.20–22, 17.23
classes of men according to, 7.13
compared
to laws, 7.12
to ropes, 7.14
competition for supremacy among, 14.10
conditioning by, according to each mode, 14.5–10
control activities, 3.5, 3.27
detachment from, work in, 18.26
determination according to each, 18.29, 18.33–35
duty according to each, 3.35
eating according to each, 17.7–10
faith according to each, 17.1–4
foods according to each, 17.7–10, 17.23
freedom from
via devotional service, 7.1, 7.14, 14.26
via Lord or liberated soul only, 7.14
See also: Liberation
happiness according to each, 18.36–39
influence of, as universal, 18.40
intelligence according to each, 18.29–32
knowledge according to each, 18.19–22
living entity controlled by, 18.59–60
from material nature, 13.20
origin of, Kṛṣṇa as, 7.12
qualities & characteristics according to each, 18.19–41
qualities of workers according to each, 18.26–28
renunciation according to each, 18.4, 18.7–9
results of, 18.19–44
sacrifice according to each, 3.12, 17.7, 17.11–13, 17.23
soul transcendental to, 13.32
transcendence of
Arjuna’s questions on, 14.21, 14.22
behavior following, 14.21–25
via devotional service, 14.26
even while embodied, 14.20
freedom from miseries of life via, 14.20
happiness via, 14.20
via Kṛṣṇa consciousness, 3.33, 5.13, 14.19–20
means for, 14.21, 14.26
via surrender to Lord, 14.26
symptoms of, 14.21–25
transmigration according to each, 13.22, 14.14–15
understanding according to each, 18.29–32
unmanifested stage of, 13.6
Modes of nature
varṇāśrama
&, 3.35
Modes of nature
divisions according to, 7.13, 9.32, 18.47
position related to, 2.31
as Vedas’ subject, 2.42–43
work
according to, 4.13
controlled & forced upon all by, 3.5
tendency dictated by, 4.13
worker according to each, 18.26–28
worship according to each, 17.1–4
See also: Material nature; names of individual modes
Modesty, 16.1, 16.1 (15)
See also: Humility
Mokṣa. See: Liberation
Mokṣa-dharma, 10.8
Monarch, Kṛṣṇa represented by, 10.27
Monarchy, Vedic, 10.27
Money. See: Wealth
Monism. See: Impersonalism
Months
best, 10.35
Kṛṣṇa’s representation among, 10.35
Moon, Introduction
demigod of, 7.23
importance of, 15.12
Kṛṣṇa as, 11.39
Kṛṣṇa represented by, 10.21
life on, 8.25
light of, 7.8, 13.18
living entity dependent upon, 15.12, 15.13–14
Lord as, 15.13
splendor & light of, from Kṛṣṇa, 15.12
as star, 10.21, 15.12
transmigration to, Introduction, 2.8, 8.25
in universal form, 8.5, 11.19
vegetables nourished by, 15.13
Morality
Bhagavad-gītā supreme instruction in, 18.78 (3)
essence of, as surrender to Lord, 18.78
important to society, 1.37–43
where Kṛṣṇa & Arjuna are present, 18.78
Kṛṣṇa represented by, 10.38
See also: Kṛṣṇa consciousness; Purification; Religion(s); Virtue(s)
Mother(s)
woman not one’s wife considered as, 3.34
See also: specific mothers
Mountain(s)
Kṛṣṇa’s representation among, 10.23
movable & immovable, 10.25
Mount Everest, 6.47
Mūḍhas, 7.15, 7.15 (5–6)
compared to asses, 7.15 (5)
Mukti
defined, Introduction
See also: Liberation
Mukunda, Lord, Kṛṣṇa as, 1.41, 2.51
Muṇḍaka Upaniṣad
cited on soul, 2.17
quoted
on creation, 14.3
on knowledge from Lord, 7.2
on material world as manifestation of Brahman, 5.10
on soul, 2.17
on soul & Supersoul as birds in tree, 2.22
on Supersoul, 13.21
Muni(s)
defined, 2.56
types of, 2.56
Vyāsadeva as best, 10.37
Murder, 2.19, 2.21
punishment for, 1.36
reincarnation doesn’t support, 2.27
Mystic power, Kṛṣṇa as controller of all, 10.17, 11.4, 11.9
Mystic yoga. See: Yoga

Nāga serpents, Kṛṣṇa’s representation among, 10.29
Naimiṣāraṇya, sages of, 10.18
Naiṣkarmya, 6.47
Nakula, conchshell blown by, 1.16–19
Nanda Mahārāja & Indra-worship, Introduction
Nandana-kānana gardens, 2.43
Nārada Muni, Introduction, 7.24 (1)
as authority on Kṛṣṇa, 18.62
devotees served by, 9.2 (7–8)
in disciplic succession, Disciplic Succession
as Kṛṣṇa conscious authority, 4.16
Kṛṣṇa represented by, 10.26
mother of, 9.2 (7),