a Ancient versions and some mss. read “His.”
b Lit. “generation.”
a Or “secret.”
b-b Lit. “The distress of my heart.”
a-a Lit. “kidneys and heart.”
b-b Or “I am aware of Your faithfulness, and always walk in Your true [path].”
a-a Or “to slander me”; cf. Dan. 3.8; 6.25.
b-b Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a-a Or “drag me off”; meaning of Heb. uncertain.
b Or “strengthened.”
c-c Septuagint, Saadia, and others render, and some mss. read, ‘oz le‘ammo, “the strength of His people.”
a-a Lit. “He makes them skip like a calf, Lebanon and Sirion, etc.”
b-b Or “brings ewes to early birth.”
a I.e., the Temple.
b-b Or “Weeping may linger for the night.”
c Following Saadia, R. Isaiah of Trani; cf. Ibn Ezra.
d Lit. “blood.”
a-a Lit. “make my feet stand in a broad place.”
b-b Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
c Others “terror.”
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
b-b Meaning of Heb. uncertain; others “in a time when You may be found.”
c-c Meaning of Heb. uncertain; for this rendering cf. Ibn Ezra.
a-a Cf. 1 Sam. 21.14 ff.
b Or “integrity.”
c Viz., the righteous of v. 16.
a Transferred from first clause for clarity.
b-b Meaning of Heb. uncertain; lit. “my prayer returns upon my bosom.”
c-c Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a-a Lit. “In my heart is.”
b-b Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a Lit. “your way.”
b-b Lit. “those whose way is upright.”
c Lit. “days.”
d Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
b-b Lit. “passed over my head.”
a Cf. use of twb in Hos. 10.1; Jonah 4.4.
b-b Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a-a Or “You, O LORD my God, have done many things—the wonders You have devised for us; / none can equal You.”
b-b Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
c-c Or “my courage fails me.”
d With vv. 14–18, cf. Ps. 70.
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a Lit. “watercourses.”
b-b Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
c-c Several ancient versions and Heb. mss. connect the first word in v. 7 with the end of 6, reading yeshu‘ot panai we’Elohai, “my ever-present help, my God,” as in vv. 12 and Ps. 43.5.
a A continuation of Ps. 42.
a Lit. “a wagging of the head.”
b-b Heb. tannim = tannin, as in Ezek. 29.3 and 32.2.
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
b-b Order of Heb. clauses inverted for clarity.
c-c Cf. 1 Chron. 29.23.
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a Heb. maskil, a musical term of uncertain meaning.
a A term for the divine abode.
b See I Kings 22.49.
c Or “women.”
d-d Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a Lit. “utterance of my heart”; on leb, cf. Ps. 19.15.
b-b Or “A brother.”
c Taken with ancient versions and medieval commentators as the equivalent of qibram.
d-d Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a-a Heb. ’El ’Elohim YHWH.
b-b Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a Cf. 2 Sam. 12.
b-b Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a Cf. 1 Sam. 22.9 ff.
b-b Lit. “is all the day.”
c-c Meaning of Heb. uncertain; others “I will wait for Your name for it is good.”
a Cf. Ps. 14.
b Meaning of Heb. unknown.
c-c Lit. “There is no God”; cf. Ps. 10.4.
d-d Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a Cf. 1 Sam. 23.19.
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
b I.e., the friend of v. 14.
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
b Lit. “flesh.”
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
b-b Cf. Mishnaic Heb. kefifah, a wicker basket used in fishing.
c With vv. 8–12, cf. Ps. 108.2–6.
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a Cf. I Sam. 19.11.
b-b Lit. “swords.”
c With several mss.; cf. v. 18; lit. “His.”
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
b Cf. 2 Sam. 8; 1 Chron. 18.
c-c Or “You have sated Your people with a bitter draft.”
d Cf. Ps. 108.7–14.
e-e Or “by His holiness.”
a Taking the noun yr&sbreve;st as an alternate form of ’r&sbreve;st; cf. Ps. 21.3.
b Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a-a Lit. “suet and fat.”
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
b Meaning of verse uncertain.
c Reading tamnu with some mss. (cf. Minhat Shai) and Rashi; most printed editions, tamnu traditionally rendered “they have accomplished.”
a Lit. “flesh.”
a-a Lit. “put a trammel on our loins.”
a The coherence of this psalm and the meaning of many of its passages are uncertain.
a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
b Cf. Ps. 40.14–18.
a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a-a Or “their life is precious in his sight.”
b-b Meaning of some Heb. phrases in these verses uncertain.
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
b-b Lit. “I was pierced through in my kidneys.”
c-c Meaning of Heb. uncertain; others “And afterward receive me with glory.”
d Lit. “rock.”
a-a Lit. “Lift up Your feet.”
b-b Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
c-c Or “seafaring men”; meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a-a Lit. “with arrogant neck you speak.”
b Reading midb&abar;r with many mss.
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a Lit. “killed.”
b Or “set a limit to.”
c-c Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
d Or “hill” with Septuagint and Saadia.
e-e Inverted for clarity.
f I.e., the Ark; cf. Ps. 132.8.
g-g Lit. “had no nuptial song.”
a Lit. “son.”
b Lit. “hand.”
a-a Or “He went forth against.”
b-b Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
c Lit. “him,” i.e., Israel.
a-a Lit. “lift up the head.”
b Lit. “Fill.”
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
b-b Others “strength to strength.”
c Or “bulwark,” with Targum; cf. Isa. 54.12.
a-a Or “have favored.”
b Or “have restored.”
c-c Or “have forgiven.”
d Or “have pardoned.”
e-e Or “have withdrawn.”
f Or “have turned.”
a The meaning of many passages in this psalm is uncertain.
b-b Order of lines inverted for clarity.
c A primeval monster; here, a poetic term for Egypt; cf. Isa. 30.7.
d-d Or “He will preserve it supreme.”
e Lit. “sources.”
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
b-b Or “by day I cry out [and] by night.”
c Lit. “released.”
d Lit. “darkness.”
e-e Following Saadia; meaning of Heb. uncertain.
f Lit. “into darkness.”
a Referring to vv. 4–5; cf. 2 Sam. 7.1–17.
b-b Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a Or “contrition.”
b-b Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
c-c Or “fly away.”
a Or “profound.”
a Cf. 1 Chron. 16.23–33.
a Or “women.”
b Others “joy.”
a-a Clauses transposed for clarity.
b-b Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a-a Traditionally “for the thanksgiving offering.”
b-b So qere; kethib and some ancient versions “not we ourselves.”
a-a Others “I forget.”
b-b Lit. “cling to my flesh.”
c-c Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a Lit. “His.”
b-b Lit. “to make the face shine from oil.”
a I.e., the Ark; cf. Ps. 78.61; 132.8.
b-b Or “Their heart changed.”
c-c Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
d Lit. “them.”
a Cf. Targum, Kimhi.
a Viz., of death.
a With vv. 2–6, cf. Ps. 57.8–12.
b With vv. 7–14, cf. Ps. 60.7–14.
c-c Or “by His holiness.”
a-a Or “but I am all prayer”; meaning of Heb. uncertain, but see v. 7.
b-b Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
b-b Or “after the manner of Melchizedek.”
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
b Or “chief part.”
a-a Or “He shines as a light.”
a-a Or “sanctuary.”
a With vv. 4–11, cf. Ps. 135.15–20.
a-a Heb. transposed for clarity; others “I would love that the LORD hear,” etc.
b I.e., God.
c-c Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
d Others “of you.”
a-a Meaning of ’amilam in this and the following two verses uncertain.
b I.e., the enemy.
c Others “song.”
d Or “righteous.”
e Or “righteousness.”
f-f Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
b-b Or “songs for me.”
c-c Or “I declare all [Your] precepts to be just.”
d-d With Targum; or “The exposition of Your words gives”; meaning of Heb. uncertain.
e Or “have contended with.”
a A term of uncertain meaning.
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a-a Lit. “we are veritable dreamers.”
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
b Lit. “heritage.”
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a Lit. “eyes.”
b Cf. 1 Sam. 7.1–2; 1 Chron. 13.5–6.
a Others “against you.”
b With vv. 15–20, cf. Ps. 115.4–11.
a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
b Others “forget its cunning.”
c With Targum; others “who are to be destroyed.”
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
b-b Cf. Rashi, Ibn Ezra; meaning of Heb. uncertain.
c Lit. “kidneys.”
a-a Lit. “push my feet.”
b Lit. “arms.”
c-c Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a Meaning of vv. 5–7 uncertain.
b I.e., the evildoers of v. 4.
a Cf. 1 Sam. 24.3–4.
b-b Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a-a Meaning of Heb. uncertain.
a So Targum, Saadia; others “my people.”
b With Rashi; lit. “right hand.”
c The meaning of several phrases in vv. 12–14 is uncertain.
a-a A Qumran Pss. scroll reads: “they will speak of, and Your wonders.”
b Lit. “flesh.”
a Lit. “thighs.”
a Or “as befits.”
Proverbs
1 The proverbs of Solomon son of David, king of Israel:
2For learning wisdom and discipline;
For understanding words of discernment;
3For acquiring the discipline for success,
Righteousness, justice, and equity;
4For endowing the simple with shrewdness,
The young with knowledge and foresight.
5—The wise man, hearing them, will gain more wisdom;
The discerning man will learn to be adroit;
6For understanding proverb and epigram,
The words of the wise and their riddles.
7The fear of the LORD is the beginninga of knowledge;
Fools despise wisdom and discipline.
8My son, heed the discipline of your father,
And do not forsake the instruction of your mother;
9For they are a graceful wreath upon your head,
A necklace about your throat.
10My son, if sinners entice you, do not yield;
11If they say, “Come with us,
Let us set an ambush to shed blood,
Let us lie in wait for the innocent
(Without cause!)
12Like Sheol, let us swallow them alive;
Whole, like those who go down into the Pit.
13We shall obtain every precious treasure;
We shall fill our homes with loot.
14Throw in your lot with us;
We shall all have a common purse.”
15My son, do not set out with them;
Keep your feet from their path.
16For their feet run to evil;
They hurry to shed blood.
17In the eyes of every winged creature
The outspread net means nothing.
18But they lie in ambush for their own blood;
They lie in wait for their own lives.
19Such is the fate of all who pursue unjust gain;
It takes the life of its possessor.
20Wisdomb cries aloud in the streets,
Raises her voice in the squares.
21At the head of the busy streets she calls;
At the entrance of the gates, in the city, she speaks out:
22“How long will you simple ones love simplicity,
You scoffers be eager to scoff,
You dullards hate knowledge?
23You are indifferent to my rebuke;
I will now speak my mind to you,
And let you know my thoughts.
24Since you refused me when I called,
And paid no heed when I extended my hand,
25You spurned all my advice,
And would not hear my rebuke,
26I will laugh at your calamity,
And mock when terror comes upon you,
27When terror comes like a disaster,
And calamity
