Iamblichus See COMMENTARIES ON PLATO, NEOPLA-. TONIS. Ibn Baajja, Abu Bakr,...

Ibn Daud Abraham, also called Rabad (c.1110– 80), Spanish Jewish historian and...

Ibn Gabirol Solomon, in Latin, Avicebron (c.1020–c.1057), Spanish Jewish philosopher and poet,...

Ibn Khaldun 'Abdurrahman (1332–1406), Arab historian, scholar, and politician, the first thinker...

Ibn Rushd See AVERROES.

Ibn Siinaa See AVICENNA.

Ibn Tufayl Abu Bakr (d.1186), Spanish Islamic philosopher who played an important...

I-Ching ('Book of Changes'), a Chinese divination manual that may have...

icon See PEIRCE.

id See FREUD.

idea in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, whatever is immediately before...

idea, clear and distinct See DESCARTES.

idea, innate See IDEA.

idealism the philosophical doctrine that reality is somehow mind-correlative or mind-coordinated...

idealism, Critical See KANT.

idealism, transcendental See KANT.

ideal language a system of notation that would correct perceived deficiencies of...

ideal market a hypothetical market, used as a tool of economic analysis,...

ideal mathematics See HILBERT'S PROGRAM.

ideal observer a hypothetical being, possessed of various qualities and traits, whose...

ideal proposition See HILBERT's PROGRAM.

ideal type See MOSCA, WEBER.

ideal utilitarianism See RASHDALL, UTILITARIANISM.

ideas of practical reason See KANT.

ideas of pure reason See KANT.

ideas of reflection See LOCKE.

ideas of sensation See LOCKE.

idea theory of meaning See MEANING.

ideational theory of meaning See PHILOSOPHY OF. LANGUAG. identity, the relation each thing bears...

identity, ‘is’ of See IS.