Birkhoff–von Neumann logic See QUANTUM LOGIC. bit (from binary digit), a unit or measure of information. Suggested by John W. Tukey, a bit is both an amount of information (a reduction of eight equally likely possibilities to one generates three bits [% log2 8] of information) and a system of representing that quantity. The binary system uses 1’s and 0’s. See also INFORMATION THE- OR. F.A.