citta-matra the Yogacara Buddhist doctrine that there are no extramental entities, given classical expression by Vasubandhu in the fourth or fifth century A.D. The classical form of this doctrine is a variety of idealism that claims (1) that a coherent explanation of the facts of experience can be provided without appeal to anything extramental; (2) that no coherent account of what extramental entities are like is possible; and (3) that therefore the doctrine that there is nothing but mind is to be preferred to its realistic competitors. The claim and the argument were and are controversial among Buddhist metaphysicians. See also VIJÑAPT. P.J.G.