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- A
- Abramov Fedor Alexandrovich
- Adam Smith
- Adamantius Origen
- Adler Alfred
- Aeschylus
- Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet
- Akhmatova Anna Andreevna
- Aksakov Ivan Sergeevich
- Albert Camus
- Aldous Huxley
- Alexander Alexandrovich Blok
- Alexander Isaevich Solzhenitsyn
- Alexander Ivanovich Herzen
- Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin
- Alexander Nikolaevich Ostrovsky
- Alexander Nikolaevich Radishchev
- Alexander Nikolaevich Zhitinsky
- Alexander Samoilovich Izgoev
- Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov
- Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin
- Alexandre Dumas
- Alexey Fedorovich Losev
- Alexey Nikolaevich Tolstoy
- Alexey Stepanovich Khomyakov
- Alfred Adler
- Alighieri Dante
- Allan Poe Edgar
- Alvin Toffler
- Anarchism
- Anatole France
- Andersen Hans Christian
- Andre Gide
- Andrey Platonovich Platonov
- Ann Evans Mary
- Anna Andreevna Akhmatova
- Antoine de Saint-Exupéry
- Anton Pavlovich Chekhov
- Apocrypha
- Aquinas Thomas
- Ariosto Ludovico
- Aristocracy
- Aristotle
- Arjuna
- Arkady and Boris Strugatsky
- Arthur Conan Doyle
- Arthur Schopenhauer
- Aruch Shulchan
- Astafiev Viktor Petrovich
- Aubu Kierkegaard Søren
- Augustine Aurelius
- Aurelius Augustine
- Aurelius Marcus
- B
- Bacon Francis
- Bakhtin Mikhail Mikhailovich
- Baratynsky Evgeniy Abramovich
- Batyushkov Konstantin Nikolaevich
- Believers Old
- Belinsky Vissarion Grigorievich
- ben Maimon Moshe
- Benedict Spinoza
- Berdyaev Nikolai Alexandrovich
- Bergson Henri
- Berkeley George
- Bernard Shaw
- Bertrand Russell
- Bhagavad Gita
- Bible
- Black Sasha
- Blaise Pascal
- Blavatsky Elena
- Blok Alexander Alexandrovich
- Boccaccio Giovanni
- Bogdan Alexandrovich Kistyakovsky
- Boris Leonidovich Pasternak
- Bradbury Ray
- Brahma
- Brothers Grimm
- Bruno Giordano
- Brzezinski Zbigniew
- Buddha
- Buddhism
- Bulgakov Mikhail Afanasyevich
- Bulgakov Sergei Nikolaevich
- Bunin Ivan Alekseevich
- Burnham James
- Bykov Vasil Vladimirovich
- C
- Calvin John
- Campanella Tommaso
- Camus Albert
- Capitalism
- Capote Truman
- Carl Gustav Jung
- Carlos Castaneda
- Castaneda Carlos
- Catholicism
- Chaadaev Pyotr Yakovlevich
- Charles Perrault
- Charles-Louis Montesquieu
- Chekhov Anton Pavlovich
- Chernyshevsky Nikolai Gavrilovich
- Chesterton Gilbert Keith
- Christianity
- Chukovsky Nikolai
- Cocteau Jean
- Commandments Ten
- Communism
- Confucius
- Conrad Joseph
- Copernicus Nicholas
- Cusanus Nicolaus
- D
- Daniil Alexandrovich Granin
- Daniil Kharms
- Dante Alighieri
- de Montaigne Michel
- de Saint-Exupéry Antoine
- Democracy
- Democritus
- Derrida Jacques
- Derzhavin Gabriel Romanovich
- Descartes Rene
- Dictatorship
- Dilthey Wilhelm
- Diogenes of Sinope
- Dmitry Ivanovich Pisarev
- Dmitry Sergeevich Merezhkovsky
- Dmitry Vladimirovich Venevitinov
- Donne John
- Dostoevsky Fyodor Mikhailovich
- Doyle Arthur Conan
- Dumas Alexandre
- Duns Scotus John
- E
- F
- Fascism
- Faulkner William
- Fedor Alexandrovich Abramov
- Fedor Kuzmich Sologub
- Fedorovich Ryleev Kondraty
- Fest Joachim
- Fet Afanasy Afanasyevich
- Feudalism
- Feuerbach Ludwig Andreas
- Fichte Johann Gottlieb
- Fitzgerald Francis Scott
- Florensky Pavel Alexandrovich
- Foucault Michel
- France Anatole
- Francesco Petrarca
- Francis Bacon
- Francis of Assisi
- Frank Semyon Ludwigovich
- Franz Kafka
- Freud Sigmund
- Friedrich Engels
- Friedrich Nietzsche
- Friedrich Schiller
- Friedrich Wilhelm Schelling
- Fromm Erich
- Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev
- Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky
- G
- Gabriel Marcel
- Gabriel Romanovich Derzhavin
- Gandhi Mahatma
- Garshin Vsevolod Mikhailovich
- Georg Simmel
- Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
- George Berkeley
- George Eliot
- George Orwell
- Gershenzon Mikhail Osipovich
- Gide Andre
- Gilbert Keith Chesterton
- Giordano Bruno
- Giovanni Boccaccio
- Gita Bhagavad
- Goethe Johann Wolfgang
- Gogol Nikolai Vasilievich
- Golding William
- Gorky Maxim
- Gospel
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
- Granin Daniil Alexandrovich
- Griboyedov Alexander Sergeevich
- Grimm Brothers
- Gumilev Nikolai Stepanovich
- Guy-De Maupassant
- H
- Hamsun Knut
- Hans Christian Andersen
- Hauff Wilhelm
- Hegel Georg Wilhelm Friedrich
- Heidegger Martin
- Heinrich Mann
- Hemingway Ernest
- Henri Bergson
- Henry Miller
- Henryk Sienkiewicz
- Heraclitus
- Herbert Marcuse
- Hermann Hesse
- Herzen Alexander Ivanovich
- Hesse Hermann
- Hesse Sergei Iosifovich
- Hobbes Thomas
- Howard Phillips Lovecraft
- Hugo Victor Marie
- Huntington Samuel
- Husserl Edmund
- Huxley Aldous
- I
- Ilf Petrov
- Ilyin Ivan Alexandrovich
- Immanuel Kant
- Ingarden Roman Witold
- Iqbal Muhammad
- Iris Murdoch
- Isaac Luria
- Isaac Newton
- Islam
- Ivan Alekseevich Bunin
- Ivan Alexandrovich Ilyin
- Ivan Andreevich Krylov
- Ivan Ivanovich Lapshin
- Ivan Sergeevich Aksakov
- Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev
- Ivanovich Zamyatin Evgeniy
- Izgoev Alexander Samoilovich
- J
- Jack Kerouac
- Jack London
- Jacques Derrida
- Jacques Marittain
- James Burnham
- James Joyce
- Jaspers Karl Theodor
- Jean Cocteau
- Jean Francois Lyotard
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau
- Jean-Paul Sartre
- Jerome David Salinger
- Jerzy Lec Stanisław
- Jiddu Krishnamurti
- Joachim Fest
- Johann Gottlieb Fichte
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe
- John Calvin
- John Donne
- John Duns Scotus
- John Locke
- John Peterson
- John Updike
- Jordan Burnt Peterson
- Jose Ortega y Gasset
- Joseph Conrad
- Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin
- Joyce James
- Judaism
- Jung Carl Gustav
- Junger Ernst
- K
- Kabbalah
- Kafka Franz
- Kant Immanuel
- Karamzin Nikolai Mikhailovich
- Karl Heinrich Marx
- Karl Linnaeus
- Karl Theodor Jaspers
- Katerli Nina Semyonovna
- Kerouac Jack
- Kharms Daniil
- Khayyam Omar
- Khomyakov Alexey Stepanovich
- Kipling Rudyard
- Kistyakovsky Bogdan Alexandrovich
- Knut Hamsun
- Kondraty Fedorovich Ryleev
- Konstantin Nikolaevich Batyushkov
- Koran Quran
- Krishna
- Krishnamurti Jiddu
- Krylov Ivan Andreevich
- Kuprin Alexander Ivanovich
- Kurt Vonnegut
- L
- Lao Tzu
- Lapshin Ivan Ivanovich
- Leibniz Gottfried Wilhelm
- Lem Stanislav
- Lenin Vladimir Ilyich
- Lermontov Mikhail Yurievich
- Leskov Nikolai Semyonovich
- Lev Davidovich Trotsky
- Lev Isaakovich Shestov
- Lev Mikhailovich Lopatin
- Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy
- Linnaeus Karl
- Locke John
- Lomonosov Mikhail Vasilievich
- London Jack
- Lopatin Lev Mikhailovich
- Losev Alexey Fedorovich
- Lossky Nikolai Onufrievich
- Lovecraft Howard Phillips
- Lozinsky Samuil Horatsievich
- Lucius Annaeus Seneca
- Ludovico Ariosto
- Ludwig Andreas Feuerbach
- Luria Isaac
- Luther Martin
- Lyotard Jean Francois
- Lyudmila Evgenievna Ulitskaya
- M
- Machiavelli Niccolo
- Mahabharata
- Mahatma Gandhi
- Mamardashvili Merab Konstantinovich
- Mann Heinrich
- Mann Thomas
- Marcel Gabriel
- Marcel Proust
- Marcus Aurelius
- Marcuse Herbert
- Margherita of Navarre
- Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva
- Marittain Jacques
- Marshak Samuil Yakovlevich
- Martin Heidegger
- Martin Luther
- Marx Karl Heinrich
- Mary Ann Evans
- Matriarchy
- Maupassant Guy-De
- Max Weber
- Maxim Gorky
- Mayakovsky Vladimir Vladimirovich
- Merab Konstantinovich Mamardashvili
- Merezhkovsky Dmitry Sergeevich
- Michel de Montaigne
- Michel Foucault
- Michel Nostradamus
- Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov
- Mikhail Alexandrovich Sholokhov
- Mikhail Evgrafovich Saltykov-Shchedrin
- Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin
- Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin
- Mikhail Mikhailovich Zoshchenko
- Mikhail Osipovich Gershenzon
- Mikhail Vasilievich Lomonosov
- Mikhail Yurievich Lermontov
- Miller Henry
- Mishna
- Mishneh Torah
- Monarchy
- Montesquieu Charles-Louis
- More Thomas
- Moshe ben Maimon
- Muhammad
- Muhammad Iqbal
- Murdoch Iris
- N
- Nabokov Vladimir Vladimirovich
- Nekrasov Nikolai Alekseevich
- Nekrasov Viktor Platonovich
- New Testament
- Newton Isaac
- Niccolo Machiavelli
- Nicholas Copernicus
- Nicholas Konstantinovich Roerich
- Nicolaus Cusanus
- Nietzsche Friedrich
- Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov
- Nikolai Alexandrovich Berdyaev
- Nikolai Chukovsky
- Nikolai Gavrilovich Chernyshevsky
- Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin
- Nikolai Onufrievich Lossky
- Nikolai Platonovich Ogarev
- Nikolai Semyonovich Leskov
- Nikolai Stepanovich Gumilev
- Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol
- Nina Semyonovna Katerli
- Nostradamus Michel
- O
- Occam William
- Oedipus
- of Assisi Francis
- of Elea Zeno
- of Navarre Margherita
- of Sinope Diogenes
- Ogarev Nikolai Platonovich
- Old Believers
- Old Testament
- Oligarchy
- Omar Khayyam
- on the Mount Sermon
- Origen Adamantius
- Ortega y Gasset Jose
- Orthodoxy
- Orwell George
- Oscar Wilde
- Osip Emilievich Mandelstam
- Ostrovsky Alexander Nikolaevich
- Oswald Spengler
- Otto Weininger
- P
- Paracelsus
- Pareto Wilfredo
- Pascal Blaise
- Pasternak Boris Leonidovich
- Patriarchy
- Pavel Alexandrovich Florensky
- Perrault Charles
- Peterson John
- Peterson Jordan Burnt
- Petrarca Francesco
- Petrov Ilf
- Philosophy
- Pisarev Dmitry Ivanovich
- Plato
- Platonov Andrey Platonovich
- Plotinus
- Plutarch
- Prishvin Mikhail Mikhailovich
- Protagoras
- Protestantism
- Proust Marcel
- Puranas
- Pushkin Alexander Sergeevich
- Pyotr Andreevich Vyazemsky
- Pyotr Berngardovich Struve
- Pyotr Yakovlevich Chaadaev
- Pythagoras Samossky
- Q
- R
- S
- Salinger Jerome David
- Saltykov-Shchedrin Mikhail Evgrafovich
- Samossky Pythagoras
- Samuel Huntington
- Samuil Horatsievich Lozinsky
- Samuil Yakovlevich Marshak
- Sartre Jean-Paul
- Sasha Black
- Schelling Friedrich Wilhelm
- Schiller Friedrich
- Schopenhauer Arthur
- Scott Fitzgerald Francis
- Semin Vitaly Nikolaevich
- Semyon Ludwigovich Frank
- Seneca Lucius Annaeus
- Sergei Iosifovich Hesse
- Sergei Nikolaevich Bulgakov
- Sergey Alexandrovich Yesenin
- Sermon on the Mount
- Shaivism
- Shakespeare William
- Shaktism
- Shalamov Varlam Tikhonovich
- Shaw Bernard
- Shestov Lev Isaakovich
- Shinto
- Shiva
- Sholokhov Mikhail Alexandrovich
- Shukshin Vasily Makarovich
- Shulchan Aruch
- Sienkiewicz Henryk
- Sigmund Freud
- Simmel Georg
- Smartism
- Smith Adam
- Socialism
- Socrates
- Sologub Fedor Kuzmich
- Solovyov Vladimir Sergeevich
- Solzhenitsyn Alexander Isaevich
- Sophocles
- Søren Aubu Kierkegaard
- Spengler Oswald
- Spinoza Benedict
- Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich
- Stanislav Lem
- Stanisław Jerzy Lec
- Stendhal
- Stoic Zeno
- Strugatsky Arkady and Boris
- Struve Pyotr Berngardovich
- Swami Vivekananda
- T
- Talmud
- Tanakh
- Taoism
- Ten Commandments
- Testament New
- Testament Old
- Thomas Aquinas
- Thomas Hobbes
- Thomas Mann
- Thomas More
- Thomas Stearns Eliot
- Toffler Alvin
- Tolstoy Alexey Nikolaevich
- Tolstoy Lev Nikolaevich
- Tommaso Campanella
- Torah
- Torah Mishneh
- Totalitarianism
- Trotsky Lev Davidovich
- Truman Capote
- Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna
- Turgenev Ivan Sergeevich
- Tyutchev Fyodor Ivanovich
- Tzu Lao
- U
- V
- Vaishnavism
- Varlam Tikhonovich Shalamov
- Vasil Vladimirovich Bykov
- Vasily Andreevich Zhukovsky
- Vasily Makarovich Shukshin
- Vasily Vasilievich Rozanov
- Vedas
- Victor Marie Hugo
- Viktor Petrovich Astafiev
- Viktor Platonovich Nekrasov
- Virginia Woolf
- Vishnu
- Vissarion Grigorievich Belinsky
- Vitaly Nikolaevich Semin
- Vivekananda Swami
- Vladimir Ilyich Lenin
- Vladimir Sergeevich Solovyov
- Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky
- Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov
- Vladimirovich Venevitinov Dmitry
- Voltaire
- Vonnegut Kurt
- Vsevolod Mikhailovich Garshin
- Vyazemsky Pyotr Andreevich
- W
- Y
- Z
Erasmus
Erasmus Desiderius (1466?–1536), Dutch scholar and philosopher who played an impornot to be widely applicable to the interpretation of probability, since natural equipossibilities are not always at hand (as in assessing the probability of a thermonuclear war tomorrow). See also PROBABILIT. E.Ee.
Philosophy