Huang Tsung-hsi (1610–95), Chinese philosopher and historian. A student of Liu Tsung-chou (1578–1645), the last great Neo-Confucian philosopher in the Ming dynasty, he compiled Ming-ju-hsüeh-an and Sung-Yüan-hsüeh-an, important anthologies and critical accounts of the Neo-Confucianists of the Ming dynasty and Sung and Yüan dynasties. He also wrote Ming-i-taifang-lu (‘Waiting for the Dawn: A Plan for the Prince’), in which he denounced the system of government working only for the selfish interest of the ruler. This work exerted great influence in the last days of the Chinese empire. See also CHINESE PHILOSOPHY , CHU HSI , WANG YANG – MIN. S.-h.L.