Aristippus of Cyrene See CYRENAICS. Aristotle (384–322 B.C.), preeminent Greek philosopher born in...

argumentum ad ignorantium See INFORMAL FAL -. LAC.

argumentum ad judicium See INFORMAL FALLACY.

argumentum ad misericordiam See INFORMAL FAL -. LAC.

argumentum ad populum See INFORMAL FALLACY.

argumentum consensus See INFORMAL FALLACY.

Arianism diverse but related teachings in early Christianity that subordinated the...

artificial language See FORMAL LANGUAGE, PHILOS-. OPHY OF LANGUAG. artificial life, an...

artificial intelligence also called AI, the scientific effort to design and build...

artifactuality See INSTITUTIONAL THEORY OF ART.

art, representational theory of See MIMESIS.

art, philosophy of See AESTHETICS.

Arrow’s theorem See ARROW's PARADOX.

arrow paradox See ZENO'S PARADOXES. Arrow's paradox, also called Arrow's (impossibility) theorem,...

a round See Appendix of Special Symbols.

Arouet, François-Marie See VOLTAIRE.

Arnauld Antoine (1612–94), French theologian and philosopher, perhaps the most important...

assent, real See NEWMAN.

assertability, warranted See DEWEY.

assertability conditions See MEANING.

assertion See PROPOSITION.

assertion sign See Appendix of Special Symbols.

assent, notional See NEWMAN.

aspectual action paradox See DEONTIC PARADOXES.

Aspasius See COMMENTARIES ON ARISTOTLE.

A-series See TIME.

aseity See DIVINE ATTRIBUTES, ENS A SE.

a se See ENS A SE.

ascriptivism the theory that to call an action voluntary is not...

assisted suicide See BIOETHICS.