Phalanx See FOURIER.

Phantasia (Greek, 'appearance', 'imagination'), (1) the state we are in when...

Phase space See STATE.

Phenomena See KANT.

Phenomenal body See EMBODIMENT.

Phenomenal property See QUALIA.

Phenomenal world See KANT.

Phenomenalism the view that propositions asserting the existence of physical objects...

Phenomenological attitude See HUSSERL.

Phenomenological reduction See HUSSERL.

Phenomenology in the twentieth century, the philosophy developed by Husserl and...

Phenotext See KRISTEVA.

Philo Judaeus (c.20 B.C. – A.D. 40), Jewish Hellenistic philosopher of Alexandria...

Philo of Larisa See ACADEMY.

Philo the Megarian See MEGARIANS.

Philodemus See EPICUREANISM.

Philolaus (470?–390? B.C.), pre-Socratic Greek philosopher from Croton in southern Italy,...

Philoponus, John See JOHANNES PHILOPONUS.

Philosopher’s stone See ALCHEMY.

Philosophes See ENCYCLOPEDIA.

Philosophia perennis (Latin 'perennial philosophy'), a supposed body of truths that appear in...

Philosophical anthropology philosophical inquiry concerning human nature, often starting with the question...

Philosophical behaviorism See BEHAVIORISM.

Philosophical psychology See PHILOSOPHY OF MIND.

Philosophical theology See METAPHYSICS.

Philosophy of action See ACTION THEORY.

Philosophy of art See AESTHETICS.

Philosophy of biology the philosophy of science applied to biology. On a conservative...

Philosophy of economics the study of methodological issues facing positive economic theory and...

Philosophy of education a branch of philosophy concerned with virtually every aspect of...