Camus Albert (1913–60), French philosophical novelist and essayist who was also...

Canguilhem Georges (1904–96), French historian and philosopher of science. Canguilhem succeeded...

Cantor Georg (1845–1918), German mathematician, one of a number of late...

Cantor’s paradox See SET- THEORETIC PARADOXES.

Cantor’s theorem See CANTOR, CONTINUUM PROB -. LE.

camera obscura a darkened enclosure that focuses light from an external object...

Cambridge property See CAMBRIDGE CHANGE.

calculus, sequential See CUT- ELIMINATION THEO -. RE.

calculus of classes See BOOLEAN ALGEBRA.

calculus of individuals See MEREOLOGY.

calculus ratiocinator See LEIBNIZ.

Calvin John (1509–64), French theologian and church reformer, a major figure...

Cambridge change a non-genuine change. If I turn pale, I am changing,...

Cambridge Platonists a group of seventeenthcentury philosopher-theologians at the University of Cambridge,...

Cartesian demon See DESCARTES.

Cartesian dualism See DUALISM, PHILOSOPHY OF. MIN.

Cartesian interactionism See PHILOSOPHY OF MIND.

Cartesianism See DESCARTES.

Cartesian product See SET THEORY.

Carvaka Indian materialism. Its varieties share the view that the mind...

Cassirer Ernst (1874–1945), German philosopher and intellectual historian. He was born...

Cartesian circle See DESCARTES.

Carroll Lewis, pen name of Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (1832–98), English writer...

Carneades See ACADEMY.

Carnap Rudolf (1891–1970), German-born American philosopher, one of the leaders of...

cardinal virtues prudence (practical wisdom), courage, temperance, and justice. Medievals deemed them...

cardinal utility See UTILITARIANISM.

cardinality See SET-THEORETIC PARADOXES.

capacity responsibility See RESPONSIBILITY.

capacity, diminished See DIMINISHED CAPACITY.