Clairvoyance See PARAPSYCHOLOGY.

Clarke Samuel (1675–1729), English philosopher, preacher, and theologian. Born in Norwich,...

Class term sometimes used as a synonym for 'set'. When the...

Class paradox See UNEXPECTED EXAMINATION PARA-. DO.

Class, equivalence See PARTITION, RELATION.

Class, proper See CLASS.

Class, reference See PROBABILITY.

Classical conditioning See CONDITIONING.

Classical liberalism See LIBERALISM.

Classical republicanism also known as civic humanism, a political outlook developed by...

Cleanthes See STOICISM.

Clear and distinct idea See DESCARTES.

Clement of Alexandria (A.D. c.150–c.215), formative teacher in the early Christian church who,...

Clifford W(illiam) K(ingdon) (1845–79), British mathematician and philosopher. Educated at King's...

Closed formula See WELL-FORMED FORMULA.

Closed loop See CYBERNETICS.

Closed sentence See OPEN FORMULA.

Closure, causal See DAVIDSON.

Closure. A set of objects O, is said to exhibit closure or to be closed...

Coase theorem a non-formal insight by Ronald Coase (Nobel Prize in Economics,...

Cockburn Catherine (Trotter) (1679–1749), English philosopher and playwright who made a...

Coercion See FREE WILL PROBLEM.

Cogito argument See DESCARTES.

Cogito ergo sum (Latin 'I think, therefore I am'), the starting point of Descartes's...

Cognitive architecture See COGNITIVE SCIENCE.

Cognitive dissonance mental discomfort arising from conflicting beliefs or attitudes held simultaneously....

Cognitive meaning See MEANING.

Cognitive psychology See COGNITIVE SCIENCE.

Cognitive psychotherapy an expression introduced by Brandt in A Theory of the...

Cognitive science an interdisciplinary research cluster that seeks to account for intelligent...