Criterion, problem of the See PROBLEM OF THE CRI-. TERIO.

Critical idealism See KANT.

Critical legal studies a loose assemblage of legal writings and thinkers in the...

Critical philosophy See BROAD, KANT.

Critical Realism a philosophy that at the highest level of generality purports...

Critical theory any social theory that is at the same time explanatory,...

Croce Benedetto (1866–1952), Italian philosopher. He was born at Pescasseroli, in...

Crucial experiment a means of deciding between rival theories that, providing parallel...

Crusius Christian August (1715–75), German philosopher, theologian, and a devout Lutheran...

Cudworth Damaris, Lady Masham (1659– 1708), English philosopher and author of...

Cudworth, Ralph See CAMBRIDGE PLATONISTS,. HYLOZOIS.

Cultural relativism See RELATIVISM.

Culverwel, Nathaniel See CAMBRIDGE PLATONISTS.

Cum hoc ergo propter hoc See INFORMAL FAL -. LACY.

Cumberland Richard (1631–1718), English philosopher and bishop. He wrote a Latin...

Cursus Coninbricensis See FONSECA.

Curve-fitting problem the problem of making predictions from past observations by fitting...

Cusa See NICHOLAS OF CUSA.

Cusanus See NICHOLAS OF CUSA.

Cut-elimination theorem a theorem stating that a certain type of inference rule...

Cut, Dedekind See DEDEKIND.

Cybernetics (coined by Norbert Wiener in 1947 from Greek kubernetes, 'helmsman'),...

Cynics a classical Greek philosophical school characterized by asceticism and emphasis...

Cyrenaics a classical Greek philosophical school that began shortly after Socrates...

Czolbe Heinrich (1819–73), German philosopher. He was born in Danzig and...

D-N model See COVERING LAW MODEL.

D’Alembert Jean Le Rond (1717–83), French mathematician, philosopher, and Encyclopedist. According...

D’Holbach Paul-Henri-Dietrich, Baron (1723– 89), French philosopher, a leading materialist and...

Damascene, John See JOHN OF DAMASCUS.

Damascius (c.462–c.550), Greek Neoplatonist philosopher, last head of the Athenian Academy...