dravya in Indian philosophies, substance. In Nyaya-Vaishesika all living and non-living...

dravyasat (Sanskrit, 'existence as a thing' or, more loosely, 'primary existence'),...

dream argument See DESCARTES. Dretske, Fred (b.1932), American philosopher best known for...

dual-aspect theory See PHILOSOPHY OF MIND.

dual-attribute theory See PHILOSOPHY OF MIND.

dualism the view that reality consists of two disparate parts. The...

dualism, Cartesian See DUALISM, PHILOSOPHY OF. MIN.

dualism, ethical See ZOROASTRIANISM. Ducasse, C(urt) J(ohn) (1881–1969), Frenchborn American philosopher of...

duck – rabbit See FIGURE – GROUND. Duhem, Pierre-Maurice-Marie (1861–1916), French physicist who...

Duhem-Quine thesis See DUHEM.

Duhem thesis See DUHEM.

Dummett Michael A. E. (b.1925), British philosopher of language, logic, and...

dunamis also dynamis (Greek, 'power', 'capacity'), as used by pre-Socratics such...

Duns Scotus John (1266–1308), Scottish Franciscan metaphysician and philosophical theologian. He lectured...

Dutch book a bet or combination of bets whereby the bettor is...

Dutch book argument the argument that a rational person's degrees of belief must...

Dutch book theorem the proposition that anyone who (a) counts a bet on...

duty what a person is obligated or required to do. Duties...

du Vair Guillaume (1556–1621), French philosopher, bishop, and political figure. Du Vair...

Dworkin Ronald M. (b.1931), American jurist, political philosopher, and a central...

Dyad See ACADEMY.

dynamis See DUNAMIS, ENERGEIA.

dynamism See BOSCOVICH.

Eckhart Johannes, called Meister (c.1260–1328), German mystic, theologian, and preacher. Eckhart...

eclecticism See COUSIN.

Eco Umberto (b.1932), Italian philosopher, intellectual historian, and novelist. A leading...

ecofeminism See ENVIRONMENTAL PHILOSOPHY.

economics, philosophy of See PHILOSOPHY OF ECO -. NOMIC.

economics, welfare See PHILOSOPHY OF ECONOM -. IC.

education, philosophy of See PHILOSOPHY OF EDU -. CATIO. eduction, the process of...