problem of the single case See PROBABILITY,. PROPENSIT. problem of the speckled hen, a problem...

problem of the criterion a problem of epistemology, arising in the attempt both to...

problem of other minds the question of what rational basis a person can have...

process philosophy See WHITEHEAD.

production theory the economic theory dealing with the conversion of factors of...

Prodicus See SOPHISTS.

process theology any theology strongly influenced by the theistic metaphysics of Whitehead...

productive reason See THEORETICAL REASON. professional ethics, a term designating one or...

Proclus See COMMENTARIES ON PLATO, HELLENISTIC. PHILOSOPHY , NEOPLATONIS.

process–product ambiguity an ambiguity that occurs when a noun can refer either...

proceduralism See JURISPRUDENCE.

privation a lack of something that it is natural or good...

private language argument an argument designed to show that there cannot be a...

probabilism See MEDINA.

pro attitude a favorable disposition toward an object or state of affairs....

privileged access special first-person awareness of the contents of one's own mind....

probabilistic automaton See COMPUTER THEORY,. SELF -REPRODUCING AUTOMATO.

probabilistic independence See PROBABILITY.

probabilistic disposition See DISPOSITION.

probability a numerical value that can attach to items of various...

problematic judgment See KANT.

probability function See BAYESIAN RATIONALITY.

probability, prior See BAYES's THEOREM.

probabilistic law See CAUSAL LAW.

probabilistic causation See CAUSATION.

principle of the anomalism of the mental See PHI -. LOSOPHY OF MIN.

principle of sufficient reason See LEIBNIZ, PRINCIPLE. OF INSUFFICIENT REASO.

principle of unlimited comprehension See SET. THEOR.

priority, conceptual See DEPENDENCE.

principle of verifiability a claim about what meaningfulness is: at its simplest, a...