quasi-indicator Castañeda’s term for an expression used to ascribe indexical reference to a speaker or thinker. If John says ‘I am hungry’ it is incorrect to report what he said with ‘John claims that I am hungry’, since ‘I’, being an indexical, expresses speaker’s reference, not John’s. However, ‘John claims that John is hungry’ fails to represent the indexical element of his assertion. Instead, we use ‘John claims that he himself is hungry’, where ‘he himself’ is a quasiindicator depicting John’s reference to himself qua self. Because of its subjective and perspectival character, we cannot grasp the exact content of another’s indexical reference, yet quasi-indexical representations are possible since we confront the world through generically the same indexical modes of presentation. If these modes are irreducible, then quasi-indicators are indispensable for describing the thoughts and experiences of others. As such, they are not equivalent to or replaceable by any antecedents occurring outside the scope of psychological verbs to which they are subordinated. See also CASTAÑEDA, GUISE THEORY, INDEXICAL , SCOP. T.K.