yung Chinese term usually translated as ‘courage’ or ‘bravery’. Different forms of yung are described in Chinese philosophical texts, such as a readiness to avenge an insult or to compete with others, or an absence of fear. Confucians advocate an ideal form of yung guided by rightness (yi). A person with yung of the ideal kind is fully committed to rightness, and will abide by rightness even at the risk of death. Also, realizing upon self-examination that there is no fault in oneself, the person will be without fear or uncertainty. K.-l.S.