Advaita

Advaita also called Uttara Mimamsa, in Hinduism, the non-dualistic form of Vedanta. Advaita Vedanta makes an epistemological distinction (not a metaphysical one) between the level of appearance and the level of reality. This marks off how things appear versus how they are; there appear to be a multitude of distinct persons and physical objects, and a personal deity, whereas there is only ineffable Brahman. This doctrine, according to Advaita, is taught in the Upanishads and realized in an esoteric enlightenment experience called moksha. The opposing evidence provided by all experiences that (a) have a subject-consciousness-object structure (e.g., seeing a sunset) and evidence a distinction between what one experiences and oneself, or (b) have a subject/content structure (e.g., feeling pain) and evidence a distinction between oneself and one’s states, is dismissed on the ground that these experiences involve ‘the making of distinctions.’ Critics claim that moksha itself, as an experience in which something allegedly is learned or grasped, also must involve ‘the making of distinctions.’ See also VEDANT. K.E.Y.

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