passions, indirect See HUME.

passive euthanasia See EUTHANASIA.

passive power See POWER.

paternalism interference with the liberty or autonomy of another person, with...

patriarchalism See FILMER.

patristic authors also called church fathers, a group of early Christian authors...

Paul of Venice (c.1368–1429), Italian philosopher and theologian. A Hermit of Saint Augustine...

Peano, Giuseppe See LOGICAL FORM, PEANO POS -. TULATE. Peano postulates, also...

Peirce Charles S(anders) (1839–1914), American philosopher, scientist, and mathematician, the founder...

Pelagianism the doctrine in Christian theology that, through the exercise of...

Pelagius See PELAGIANISM.

per accidens (Latin 'by accident'), by, as, or being an accident or non-essential...

percept See PERCEPTION. perception, the extraction and use of information about...

perceptual realism See PERCEPTION.

perceptual relativity See PERCEPTION.

Percival Thomas (1740–1804), English physician and author of Medical Ethics (1803)....

perdurance in one common philosophical use, the property of being temporally...

perfect competition the state of an ideal market under the following conditions:...

perfect duty See DUTY, KANT.

perfectionism an ethical view according to which individuals and their actions...

perfectionism, Emersonian See CAVELL.

perfect right See GROTIUS, RIGHTS.

performance, linguistic See PHILOSOPHY OF LAN -. GUAG.

performative See SPEECH ACT THEORY.

performative fallacy See INFORMAL FALLACY.

per genus et differentiam See DEFINITION.

Peripatetic School also called Peripatos, the philosophical community founded by Aristotle at...

Peripatos See HELLENISTIC PHILOSOPHY, PERI -. PATETIC SCHOO.

perlocutionary act See SPEECH ACT THEORY.

permissibility See DEONTIC LOGIC, EPISTEMOLOGY.