Adorno Theodor Wiesengrund (1903–69), German philosopher and aesthetic theorist, one of...

Advaita also called Uttara Mimamsa, in Hinduism, the non-dualistic form of...

Adventitious ideas See IDEA.

Adverbial theory See PERCEPTION.

Aenesidemus See SKEPTICISM, SKEPTICS.

Aesthetic attitude the appropriate attitude or frame of mind for approaching art...

Aesthetic form See AESTHETIC FORMALISM, AES -. THETIC. aesthetic formalism, the view...

Aesthetic property a property or quality such as being dainty, garish, graceful,...

Aesthetics the branch of philosophy that examines the nature of art...

Affirming the consequent See FORMAL FALLACY.

African philosophy the philosophy produced by the preliterate cultures of Africa, distinctive...

Agama (Sanskrit, 'what has come down'), an authoritative religious text of...

Agape unselfish love for all persons. An ethical theory according to...

Agathon Greek word meaning 'a good' or 'the good'. From Socrates...

Agent causation the idea that the primary cause of an event is...

Agent-based ethics See VIRTUE ETHICS.

Agent-neutral See UTILITARIANISM.

Agent-relative See UTILITARIANISM.

Agnoiology (from Greek agnoia, 'ignorance'), the study of ignorance, its quality,...

Agnosticism (from Greek a-, 'not', and gnastos, 'known'), term invented by...

Agreement, method of See MILL's METHODS.

Agriculture School See HSü HSING.

Ahamkara (Sanskrit, 'I-maker', 'I-crier'), in Hindu thought, the ego or faculty...

Ahanta Sanskrit word meaning 'indestructible', 'unchangeable', 'eternal'. In traditional Hindu philosophical...

Ahimsa (Sanskrit), traditionally and literally, nonviolence to living creatures; for modern...

Ahura Mazda See ZOROASTRIANISM.

Ailly, Pierre d’ See D'AILLY.

Aisthesis See ARISTOTLE.

Aitia (Greek), cause. Originally referring to responsibility for a crime, this...

Akasa Sanskrit word translated as 'ether' or 'space'. Indian philosophical systems...