salva veritate See SUBSTITUTIVITY SALVA VERI -. TAT. samadhi, Sanskrit term meaning ‘concentration’, ‘absorption’, ‘superconscious state’, ‘altered state of consciousness’. In India’s philosophical tradition this term was made famous by its use in the Yoga system of Patañjali (second century B.C.). In this system the goal was to attain the self’s freedom, so that the self, conceived as pure consciousness in its true nature, would not be limited by the material modes of existence. It was believed that through a series of yogic techniques the self is freed from its karmic fetters and liberated to its original state of self-luminous consciousness, known as samadhi. The Indian philosophical systems had raised and debated many epistemological and metaphysical questions regarding the nature of consciousness, the concept of mind, and the idea of the self. They also wondered whether a yogi who has attained samadhi is within the confines of the conventional moral realm. This issue is similar to Nietzsche’s idea of the transvaluation of values. See also NIETZSCH. D.K.C.