attribute See PROPERTY.

Avempace See IBN BAJJA.

Avenarius Richard (1843–96), German philosopher. He was born in Paris and...

Averroes in Arabic, Ibn Rushd (1126–98), Islamic philosopher, jurist, and physician....

aversion therapy See BEHAVIOR THERAPY.

Avicebron See IBN GABIROL.

autonomy of psychology See PHILOSOPHY OF PSY -. CHOLOG. avatar (from Sanskrit avatara),...

autonomy of ethics See ETHICS.

autonomy of biology See UNITY OF SCIENCE.

autonomy See FREE WILL PROBLEM, KANT, POSITIVE. AND NEGATIVE FREEDO.

automaton, self-reproducing See SELF -REPRODUC -. ING AUTOMATO.

automaton, finite See COMPUTER THEORY, TURING. MACHIN.

automaton, cellular See SELF-REPRODUCING AUTOM-. ATO.

axiom of choice See LÖWENHEIM -SKOLEM THEO -. REM , SET THEOR. axiom...

axiom of extensionality See SET THEORY.

axiom of infinity See SET THEORY.

axiom of reducibility See TYPE THEORY.

axiom of replacement See SET THEORY.

axiom of separation See AXIOM OF COMPREHEN -. SION , SET THEOR.

axiom of abstraction See AXIOM OF COMPREHEN -. SIO.

axiomatic system See AXIOMATIC METHOD, DEDUC -. TIO.

Avicenna in Arabic, Ibn Sina (980–1037), Islamic philosopher and physician. Born...

avidya Sanskrit word meaning 'ignorance', 'lack of wisdom'. Avidya is a...

awareness consciousness, a central feature of our lives that is notoriously...

axiology See VALUE THEORY.

axiom See AXIOMATIC METHOD.

axiomatic method originally, a method for reorganizing the accepted propositions and concepts...

Ayer A(lfred) J(ules) (1910–89), British philosopher, one of the most important...

Babbage Charles (1792–1871), English applied mathematician, inventor, and expert on machinery...

Bachelard Gaston (1884–1962), French philosopher of science and literary analyst. His...