phrase marker See AMBIGUITY.

phrase structure See PARSING.

phrastic See PRESCRIPTIVISM.

phronesis See ARISTOTLE.

physicalism in the widest sense of the term, materialism applied to...

physical realization See REDUCTION.

physician-assisted suicide See BIOETHICS.

physis Greek term for nature, primarily used to refer to the...

pi Chinese term meaning 'screen', 'shelter', or 'cover'. Pi is Hsün...

Piaget Jean (1896–1980), Swiss psychologist and epistemologist who profoundly influenced questions,...

Pico della Mirandola Giovanni (1463–94), Italian philosopher who, in 1486, wrote a series...

picture theory of meaning See MEANING, WITTGEN-. STEI. pien, Chinese Mohist technical term for...

pien che See SCHOOL OF NAMES.

Pierre d’Ailly See D'AILLY.

pineal gland See DESCARTES, PHILOSOPHY OF MIND.

pistis See DIVIDED LINE.

Plantinga Alvin (b.1932), one of the most important twentieth-century American philosophers...

Plato, commentaries on See COMMENTARIES ON. PLAT.

Platonic form See FORM, PLATO.

pleasure See EPICUREANISM, HEDONISM.

pleasure, katastematic See EPICUREANISM.

pleasure, kinetic See EPICUREANISM.

pleasure principle See FREUD.

Plekhanov Georgy Valentinovich (1856–1918), a leading theoretician of the Russian revolutionary...

plenitude, principle of See PRINCIPLE OF PLENI -. TUD.

pleonetetic logic See PLURALITIVE LOGIC.

Plotinus (A.D. 204–70), Greco-Roman Neoplatonist philosopher. Born in Egypt, though doubtless...

pluralism a philosophical perspective on the world that emphasizes diversity rather...

pluralitive logic also called pleonetetic logic, the logic of 'many', 'most', 'few',...

plurality of causes as used by J. S. Mill, more than one cause...